Free generator, Word and PDF

The LLC operating agreement, written for your state's law

Answer a dozen questions about your LLC. You get a complete operating agreement, single or multi member, with the clauses that change between Wyoming, Delaware, New Mexico, Florida and Nevada already drafted for your state.

Nothing you type leaves this page. The agreement is assembled by your own browser. We don't store, send or see your answers, and there's no sign-up.

5state LLC Acts, cited clause by clause
2formats: Word file and print to PDF
0accounts, emails or uploads

Draft your operating agreement

Every answer rewrites the document on the right. Fields you filled are highlighted in the draft so you can read them back before you download.

1. The company
State of formation

Leave it wide unless a bank or licence needs something specific.

2. Owners and control
How many members?
Who runs it day to day?
3. Members, percentages and contributions
4. Money
Profits and losses are shared
US tax classification

Common in multi-member LLCs, where members are taxed on profits whether or not cash is paid out.

5. Bank account and signing
Who can sign for the bank account?
6. Selling, death and ending
If a member wants to sell

Without a name, the member's estate or legal representative steps in under the Act.

Vote needed to dissolve
Operating agreementSingle member, Wyoming
01

Do you need an operating agreement?

The state rarely asks for it. Almost everyone else does.

Short answer: state law makes it optional in four of these five states, but the first US bank or payment platform you apply to will usually ask for a signed copy.

Forming the LLC means filing articles of organization. The operating agreement is a different document: the contract between the owners and the company. You never send it to the Secretary of State. You sign it, keep it, and hand it over when someone needs proof of who owns and controls the business.

What the Acts say is more varied than most templates admit. Delaware accepts an agreement that is "written, oral or implied" and binds members even if they never sign it (6 Del. C. § 18-101(9)). Florida says the same and adds that a sole member can have one (Fla. Stat. § 605.0102). Nevada says an LLC "may, but is not required to" adopt one (NRS 86.286). Wyoming accepts an oral, implied or recorded agreement, including one made by a sole member (W.S. 17-29-102). New Mexico is the outlier: its Act defines an operating agreement as a written agreement, amended in writing (NMSA 1978 § 53-19-2), so an informal understanding counts for nothing there.

Who actually asks for it

UsuallyUS banks and fintech accountsTo match owners and signers to the people who pass ID checks, and to see who can move money.
OftenPayment processors and marketplacesWhen the account holder is the LLC and they need the beneficial owners on file.
SometimesLenders, landlords, investorsTo confirm the person signing has authority to bind the company.
NeverThe state or the IRS at filingNeither takes the document. The IRS cares about owners and classification, which the agreement records.
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states on this page file or publish your operating agreement. It stays private, which is also why banks ask to see it: it is the one place the full ownership is written down.

There's a second reason that has nothing to do with paperwork. When the agreement is silent, the Act fills the gap with its own default rules, and those defaults were written for nobody in particular. In Wyoming, for example, distributions before dissolution are split in equal shares unless an agreement says otherwise (W.S. 17-29-404). Two founders who own 80% and 20% and never signed anything could find the law treats them as 50/50 on payouts. The table in chapter 3 shows those defaults for every state.

02

Single member vs multi member LLC operating agreement

Same document name, different jobs.

Rule of thumb: a single-member agreement protects the owner from the company's creditors and plans for the owner's absence. A multi-member agreement protects the owners from each other.

TopicSingle memberMulti member
Default US tax treatmentDisregarded entity: the LLC's income is the owner's. A foreign owner's LLC still files Form 5472 with a pro forma Form 1120 each year.Partnership: Form 1065 and a Schedule K-1 per member. Foreign partners can bring withholding on US business income.
Which W form payers getThe owner's own W-8BEN (or W-8BEN-E if the owner is a company), never a W-9 from the LLC.A W-9 from the LLC with its own EIN, because a US partnership is a US person.
Clauses that matter mostAuthority to act alone, separation of money, successor on death or incapacity, charging order.Percentages, voting thresholds, profit split, tax distributions, transfers, buyouts, deadlock, dissolution vote.
When it breaksThe day you add a partner. Replace it with a multi-member agreement; don't patch it.When percentages change without an amendment, or a member leaves and nothing says what they're paid.
Worked example

Say Amira in Morocco and Tom in Canada form a Wyoming LLC. Amira puts in US$6,000, Tom US$4,000, and they agree on 60/40. With no agreement, Wyoming splits distributions equally. With one that says "by percentage", US$20,000 of profit pays out as US$12,000 and US$8,000. If they choose "by capital" instead, the split follows contributions, which happens to be 60/40 today but moves if Tom later puts in another US$5,000 (then 6,000 / 9,000, or 40/60).

The generator above writes either version. Pick the one that matches what you'd say to each other if a big payment came in tomorrow.

If you plan to bring in a second owner within a year, it is still worth signing the single-member version now. Banks open accounts on what is true today, and the amendment that admits a new member is cleaner when there is a signed original to amend.

03

What to put in your LLC operating agreement

Twelve clauses, and what the law does if you skip each one.

Write down anything where the state default would surprise you. That's the whole point of the document.

  • Formation factsName, state, filing date, Act, registered agent, purpose, term.
  • Members and percentagesWho owns what, in a schedule you can update.
  • Capital contributionsWhat each member put in, and that nobody must add more.
  • Profit and loss allocationBy percentage or by capital account.
  • DistributionsWho decides, when, and tax distributions.
  • ManagementMember or manager managed, and the manager's powers.
  • Voting and major decisionsThresholds for selling assets, borrowing, admitting members.
  • Banking authorityWho signs, limits, and joint signatures.
  • Tax classificationDisregarded, partnership or corporation, and who handles filings.
  • TransfersConsent, first refusal, and what a buyer receives.
  • Death, incapacity, withdrawalSuccessor and buyout terms.
  • DissolutionVote needed and the order money is paid out.

If your agreement is silent: the five state defaults

Each cell is the rule that applies when the operating agreement says nothing, quoted from the state's own Act. Shaded cells are the ones that most often catch owners out.

Default rules under each state's LLC Act when the operating agreement is silent
RuleWyomingDelawareNew MexicoFloridaNevada
Agreement formOral, implied or in a record, sole member includedW.S. 17-29-102Written, oral or implied§ 18-101(9)Written only§ 53-19-2Oral, implied or in a record§ 605.0102(45)OptionalNRS 86.286
Who managesMembers, unless articles or agreement say managersW.S. 17-29-407Members, by profit share; over 50% controls§ 18-402Members, unless the articles say managers§ 53-19-15Members, unless "manager-managed" is stated§ 605.0407Articles name managers or membersNRS 86.161
Distributions splitEqual sharesW.S. 17-29-404By agreed value of contributions§ 18-504By value of contributions§ 53-19-23By agreed value of contributions§ 605.0404Set by the agreement or the Act
Profits and lossesSet by the agreement or the ActBy agreed value of contributions§ 18-503By capital contributed, less withdrawals§ 53-19-22By agreed value of contributions§ 605.0404(5)Set by the agreement or the Act
Vote to dissolveAll membersW.S. 17-29-701Over two thirds of profit interests§ 18-801Majority of voting power, in writing§ 53-19-39All members§ 605.0701Set by the agreement or the Act
Personal creditor of a memberCharging order only, sole member includedW.S. 17-29-503(g)Charging order only§ 18-703(d)Charging order; no "exclusive" wording§ 53-19-35Exclusive, except a court can order foreclosure on a single-member LLC§ 605.0503(4)Charging order only, one member or moreNRS 86.401
Buyer of an interestPayouts only, no managementW.S. 17-29-502No management without all members' consent§ 18-702Payouts only until admitted§ 53-19-32Payouts only, no management§ 605.0502Set by the agreement or the Act
Free to reuse this table with a link. Cite as: Heirson, "LLC operating agreement: state default rules", heirson.com/llc-operating-agreement/, November 2026.

Fiduciary duties are a Delaware speciality

Delaware lets an agreement expand, restrict or even eliminate members' and managers' duties, but never the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing (§ 18-1101(c)). The generator keeps duties at the standard of good faith and fair dealing and doesn't waive them. If an investor asks you to narrow them, that's the moment for a lawyer.

04

Operating agreement for a foreign-owned LLC

What changes when the members live outside the US.

Nothing in these five Acts requires a US resident member or manager. What changes is the paperwork around the agreement: the EIN, the W-8 form, and what the bank checks it against.

Choose the country you live in and the notes below adjust.

EIN and the responsible party

The IRS issues the EIN to the LLC and records one "responsible party", usually the owner or manager. Without an SSN you apply by fax, mail or the international phone line. The agreement should name the same person as the one who controls the company, so the two records tell one story. Our EIN without an SSN guide walks through the SS-4.

W-8BEN, not W-9

For a single-member LLC owned by a non-US individual, US payers want the owner's W-8BEN, not a W-9 from the LLC, even though the LLC has an EIN. If the owner is a foreign company, it's the company's W-8BEN-E. The generated agreement includes a clause committing each member to give payers the right form. Use our W-8BEN helper to fill yours, or the W-8BEN-E guide for a company owner.

Bank KYC

A bank reads the agreement next to your passport, the articles and the EIN letter. The names must match character for character, the percentages must add up to 100, and the signer on the account must be someone the agreement authorises. The banking clause you choose above is the one they will look for. More in our US bank account guide.

Yearly US filings

A foreign-owned single-member LLC is disregarded for income tax but still has to file Form 5472 with a pro forma Form 1120, and keep records of transactions with its owner. The agreement's records clause tells the company to keep them. See the Form 5472 guide. If you need a personal US tax number for a treaty claim, read when you need an ITIN.

Two smaller points the generator handles for non-US members: notices by email (post to another continent is slow and easy to dispute), and an English-language clause, so a translation made for your home bank or tax office never competes with the signed original.

05

State notes: Wyoming, Delaware, New Mexico, Florida, Nevada

Where each state's operating agreement differs.

WyomingWyoming Limited Liability Company Act, W.S. 17-29-101 et seq.
  • Equal-shares default on distributions (17-29-404): if owners hold unequal stakes, say so in writing.
  • The charging order is the exclusive remedy even against a sole member (17-29-503(g)), which is one reason single owners choose Wyoming.
  • Dissolution by consent of all members unless the agreement or articles say otherwise (17-29-701).
Form a Wyoming LLC with Heirson
DelawareLimited Liability Company Act, 6 Del. C. ch. 18
  • Maximum freedom of contract, including duties (18-1101(c)); the agreement binds members who never signed it (18-101(9)).
  • Silent agreement means control by whoever holds over 50% of profits (18-402), and dissolution by over two thirds (18-801).
  • The usual choice when investors are involved, because their lawyers already know the Act.
Form a Delaware LLC with Heirson
New MexicoLimited Liability Company Act, NMSA 1978 § 53-19-1 et seq.
  • The only one of the five where an operating agreement must be written, and amended in writing (53-19-2).
  • Manager management has to appear in the articles of organization, not just the agreement (53-19-15). The generator warns you if you pick it.
  • Members vote by capital contributed unless you agree otherwise (53-19-17), and a written majority can dissolve (53-19-39).
Form a New Mexico LLC with Heirson
FloridaFlorida Revised Limited Liability Company Act, Fla. Stat. ch. 605
  • "Managing member" alone doesn't make an LLC manager-managed (605.0407); use the words "manager-managed".
  • The company must keep a member list, the agreement and its filings (605.0410).
  • Single-member LLCs have weaker charging order protection: a court can order foreclosure if payouts won't cover the judgment in a reasonable time (605.0503(4)).
Form a Florida LLC with Heirson
NevadaNRS chapter 86
  • Agreement optional, and a sole member may adopt one (86.286).
  • Charging order exclusive "whether the limited-liability company has one member or more than one member" (86.401).
  • The articles name the managers or managing members, and the annual list repeats them, so the agreement should match those names (86.161).
Form a Nevada LLC with Heirson

Formed somewhere else? Pick "Other state" in the generator. The draft keeps every clause but refers to "the Act" in general terms, so match each section to that state's statute before signing. Not sure which state fits? Compare them in the US LLC guide or Wyoming vs Delaware.

LLC operating agreement questions

Do I need an operating agreement for my LLC?
Wyoming, Delaware, Florida and Nevada don't make you sign one, and none of the five states wants it filed. New Mexico's Act defines the agreement as a written document, so if you rely on one there it has to be on paper. In practice US banks, payment platforms and lenders ask for a signed copy when you open an account, so most owners need one within weeks of forming.
Is this operating agreement free?
Yes. The generator, the Word download and the print to PDF are free and need no account. Your answers are processed by your own browser and are not sent to Heirson or anyone else.
Does a single-member LLC need a different agreement from a multi-member LLC?
Yes. A single-member agreement deals with one owner's authority, a successor if that owner dies or loses capacity, and the separation between owner and company. A multi-member agreement adds voting, profit splits, deadlock, transfers between members and buyouts. If you add a member later, replace the single-member agreement rather than patching it.
Do I file the operating agreement with the state?
No. None of the five states takes it. You keep it with the company records and give a copy to banks or platforms that ask. Florida's Act lists the operating agreement among the records the company must keep.
Can a non-US resident sign an LLC operating agreement?
Yes. No state on this page requires a member or manager to live in the US or hold a US tax number. The agreement can be signed electronically or by hand from any country. Banks will compare the names and ownership percentages in it with your passport and the EIN records.
Is a generated operating agreement legally binding?
Once the members sign it, it is a contract between them and the company, like any agreement. A template can't know every fact about your business, so for complex deals (investors, vesting, different classes of units) have a US lawyer review it. This generator is a starting template, not legal advice.

Not legal advice. This page and the generated agreement are a general template from Heirson, a company formation service, not a law firm. Statute references are to the Acts as published by each state in November 2026. Updated 13 November 2026.

Rather not draft it yourself?

Every Heirson LLC comes with its operating agreement

We file the articles, act as registered agent, apply for the EIN and draft your operating agreement from your order answers, ready to sign. A Wyoming LLC is US$181.40 for year one, all government fees included.